Drum Samples – Layering in Music Production
To layer drum samples effectively, one should be aware of the technical techniques and methods to utilize. You can only go so far with creativity when it comes to something so technical and focus-driven. If you can read on the history and major changes in the way we have made and perceived drum sounds, you’ll be many steps ahead of your competition. From the sampled drums of the 70s and onwards (even on this day there are people sampling!) to the synthesized sounds coming out of TR-808s, there is a lot of knowledge to be absorbed!
When trying to layer drums of any type, you should watch the volume and clipping meters. Samples will often contain many common frequencies, and by layering these you run the risk of clipping or distorting the sound as you make rap beats. So keep an eye out and maybe adjust volume before the actual mixing process. Be proactive about combating the issue.
The starting phase of drum samples is known as the sound’s attack. You can try to remember ‘attack’ as the characteristic the sample needs to have to cut through a whole range of sounds, like strings and pianos just to be head by the listener.
The middle of drum samples is known as the sustain – or even just the middle. This is where the sound lives its life. If there wasn’t a conspicuous attack to the sound, the sustain is really the only thing giving the sound sample life. For instance, some drum samples like the 808 bass kick may not have a strong attack coming out of the TR-808, but its boomy sustain note carries it through and ensures that we realize it is there.
The last part of the sound of drum samples is the end. This finishing line is reached after the sustain plays out, and it is not all that important. The most important things about it are probably the negatives, and this includes clipping and a sudden drop-off in volume. You could simply fade the sound out, but others elect to use a reverb tail for a different, more natural fade. The clipping concerns the sudden stop of a sound, and you must prevent this. To fix a clipped noise, use the inbuilt filters of your favorite audio program.
The actual process of layering drum samples is not that hard once you get the hang of it. But there are tons of misconceptions out there. One is that you can simply find two samples and stick ‘em together. This doesn’t make a whole lot of sense sonically, does it now? No. Others say that you just need to find a kick that has a great attack and one with a great sustain and start mashing them together without any more thinking. Again, wrong. You should take the attack of the sample with the great attack, and combine it with the sustain of the other sample!
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